AVALIAÇÃO E COMPARAÇÃO DAS COMPETÊNCIAS EM SAÚDE GLOBAL ENTRE OS ESTUDANTES DE FISIOTERAPIA E TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar as competências em saúde global em estudantes de reabilitação. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com um survey on-line para os estudantes de fisioterapia e terapia ocupacional de cinco universidades em Ontário – Canadá. Foi utilizada a estatística descritiva para analisar o conhecimento percebido dos alunos, habilidades e necessidades de aprendizagem na área da saúde global. Utilizou-se o teste de qui-quadrado, com um conjunto de significância de p<0,05 para comparação de resultados entre as profissões. 166 alunos responderam à pesquisa. Em geral, tanto os estudantes de fisioterapia e terapia ocupacional tiveram escores mais elevados nos itens referentes à “relação entre trabalho e saúde”, “relação entre renda e saúde” e “posição socioeconômica (PSE) e impacto na saúde” como obtiveram escores menores nos itens sobre “acesso aos cuidados de saúde em países de baixa renda”, “mecanismos pelos quais as disparidades raciais e étnicas existentes” e“estereótipos raciais e decisão clínica”. Estudantes de terapia ocupacional consideraram como importantes a aprendizagem sobre determinantes sociais da saúde (p=0,03). Este artigo destaca várias oportunidades de melhoria na educação em saúde global para estudantes de fisioterapia e terapia ocupacional. Os educadores e os profissionais devem considerar o desenvolvimento de estratégias para lidar com essas necessidades e proporcionar mais oportunidades em saúde global nos programas de graduação em fisioterapia e terapia ocupacional.
Referências
Veras M, Pottie K, Cameron D, Welch V, Ramsay T, Tugwell
P. Assessing and comparing global health competencies in
rehabilitation students. Rehabilitation Research and Practice
; 1-9.
Labonte R, Schrecker T, On behalf of the Globalization
Knowledge Network. Globalization and social determinants
of health: Analytic and strategic review paper. 2005 Aug
(Accessed on2010 May 20). Avaliable at: http://www.who.
int/social_determinants/resources/globalization.pdf
World Health Organization (WHO). A conceptual
framework for action on the social determinants of health.
Geneva: WHO; 2007.
Veras M, Souza LMFd. Measurement and analysis to
approach inequalities and build accountability on health
policies in Brazil. Sanare 2011; 10(2):19-27.
Huynen MMTE, Martens P, Hilderink HBM. The health
impacts of globalisation: a conceptual framework.
Globalization and Health 2005; 1:1-12.
Skolnik RL. Essentials of global health. Jones & Bartlett
Publishers; 2008.
Pan American Health Organization. Earthquake in
Haiti: PAHO/WHO situation report on health activities post
earthquake. PAHO Washington, DC; 2010 May (Accessed on
Nov 23). Available at: http://www.who.int/hac/crises/
hti/en/
Landry MD, Singh CS, Carnie L, Stephenson F, Hill A,
Hill C. Spinal cord injury rehabilitation in post-earthquake
Haiti: the critical role for non-governmental organisations.
Physiotherapy 2010; 96(4):267-68.
Ramsey AH, Hag C, Gjerde CL, Rothenberg D. Career
influence of an international health experience during
medical school. Fam Med 2004; 36:412-16.
University of Ottawa.School of Rehabilitation Sciences.
International Stream (Accessed on 2011 Aug 29). Available
at:http://www.health.uottawa.ca/sr/international/intro.htm
McMaster University. Faculty of Health Sciences, Global
Health Office ( GHO) (Accessed on 2011 Aug 29). Available
at: http://fhs.mcmaster.ca/globalhealthoffice/
International Centre for Disability and Rehabilitation.
Report of the “Meeting of the Minds” Research on
International Clinical Education (Accessed on 2011 Aug
. Available at: http://www.internationalhealthinitiatives
com/uploads/5/5/8/6/5586696/ihi_-_icdr_meet ings_of_
the_minds.pdf
Penny N, Zulianello R, Dreise M, Steenbeek M. Communitybased
rehabilitation and orthopaedic surgery for children
with motor impairment in an African context. Disabil Rehabil
; 29(11-12):839-43.
World Confederation for Physical Therapy. Global Health
(Accessed on 2010 Nov 24). Available at: http://www.wcpt.
org/health
World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT).
President’s message (Accessed on 2013 Feb 11). Available
at: http://www.wfot.org/aboutus/presidentsmessage.aspx
Drainoni ML, Lee-Hood E, Tobias C, Bashman SS, Andrew
J, Maisels L. Cross-Disability Experiences of Barriers to
Health-Care Access. Journal of Disability Policy Studies
; 17(2):100-15.
Wieland ML, Beckman TJ, Cha SS, Beebe TJ, McDonald FS.
Resident physicians’ knowledge of underserved patients: A
multi-institutional survey. Mayo Clin Proc 2010; 85(8):728-
Augustincic LP. Global Health Competency Skills: A
Self-assessment for Medical Students. MSc Dissertation
;University of Ottawa.
Frank JR. The CanMEDS 2005 physician competency
framework. Better standards. Better physicians. Better care.
Ottawa: The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of
Canada 2005.
Veras M, Pottie K, Welch V et al. Reliability and Validity
of a New Survey to Assess Global Health Competencies of
Health Professionals. Global Journal of Health Science 2013;
(1).
Veras M, Pottie K, Ramsay T, Welch V, Tugwell P. How do
Ontario Family Medicine Residents Perform on Global Health
Competencies? A Multi-Insitutional Survey. Canadian Medical
Education Journal 2013; 4(2).
Frenk J, Chen L, Bhutta Z et al. Health professionals
for a new century: transforming education to strengthen the
health systems in an interdependent world. The Lancet 2010;
:1923-58.
Cockrell EDS. prenursing students’ perceptions of the
nursing profession. A Thesis. Louisiana State University and
Agricultural and Mechanical College. Northwestern State
University 2002.
Peplau HE. Nurse-doctor relationships. Nursing Forum
; 5(60):75.
Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI).
Physiotherapists in Canada Report 2009 (Accessed on 2012
Dec 21). Available at: http://www.cihi.ca/CIHI-ext-portal/
pdf/internet/INFO_PT_09NOV10_PDF_EN
Knaul F, Frenk J, Aguilar A. The gender composition
of the medical profession in Mexico: implications for
employment patterns and physician labor supply. J Am Med
Womens Assoc. 2000; 55(1):32-5.
Restall G, Leclair L, Fricke M. Integration of occupational
therapy and physiotherapy services in primary health care in
Winnipeg. University of Manitoba; 2005.
Doescher M, Ellsbury K, Hart L. The distribution of
rural female generalist physicians in the United States.
Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington,
Abstr Book Assoc Health Serv Res Meet 1998; 15(93).
World Health Organization (WHO). Increasing access to
health workers in remote and rural areas through improved
retention. Global policy recommendations (Accessed
on2010 Dec 20). Available at: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/
publications/2010/9789241564014_eng.pdf
Jacobson CC, Nguyen J, Kimball A. Gender and Parenting
Significantly Affect Work Hours of Recent ematology Program
Graduates. Arch Dermatology 2004; 140(2):191-96.
Pottie K, Spitizer D, Mohammed A, Glazier R. Language
proficiency, gender and self-reported health: An analysis of
the first two waves of the longitudinal survey of immigrants
to Canada. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2008;
(6):505-10.
NGE, Pottie K, Spitzer D. Official language proficiency
and self-reported health among immigrants to Canada.
Statistics Canada, Catalogue no 82-003-XPE- Health Reports
; 22(4).
Wieland M, Beckman T, Cha S, Beebe T, McDonald F.
Resident physicians’ knowledge of underserved patients: A
multi-institutional survey. Mayo Clin Proc 2010; 85:728-33.
Yeo S. Language barriers and access to care. Annual
Review of Nursing Research 2004; 22(1):59-73.
Subramanian SV, Kawachi I. Income Inequality and
Health: What Have We Learned So Far? Epidemiol Rev 2004;
(1):78-91.
LaVeist TA, Lebrun LA. Cross-country comparisons of
racial/ethnic inequalities in health. J Epidemiol Community
Health 2010; 64(1):7.
Pottie K. Open access e-learning: Refugee and Global
Health e-Learning Program (Accessed on 2013 Feb 16).
Available at: http://chec-cesc.afmc.ca/blog/open-access-elearning-
refugee-and-global-health-e-learning-program
U. S. Department of Health and Human Services Health
Resources and Services Administration Bureau of Health
Professions. The Rationale for Diversity in the Health
Professions: A Review of the Evidence. 2006 Oct (Accessed
on 2013 Feb 28). Available at: http://bhprhrsagov/
healthworkforce/reports/diversityreviewevidence.pdf
